Statistics
PSSC focuses all efforts on preventing child
abuse and neglect. Programs work to strengthen family before
harm is done. This is a more effective approach – and a less
expensive approach. The statistics below illustrate why child
abuse prevention programs make sense.
Child Abuse Rates Are Startling:
Nationally 2002-2003
- In 2002, an estimated 1,400 children died due to abuse
or neglect.
- ¾ of the children killed were younger than 4.
- More than 80% of the perpetrators were parents. Other
relatives accounted for 7%, and unmarried partners of
parents accounted for 3%.
Pennsylvania , 2003
- In 2003, 23,602 reports of suspected child and student
abuse were received
- The percentage of total reports of child abuse that
were substantiated in 2003 was 19 percent, two percent
less than in 2002.
- Sexual abuse was involved in 56 percent of all substantiated
reports, up four percent from 2002.
Philadelphia , 2004
- Since January 2000, police have investigated the deaths
of 39 children killed because of child abuse.
- But those deaths may be only a part of the picture.
The city's Department of Human Services has a higher tally:
55 child abuse deaths, including 11 this year. DHS counts
some deaths that don't fit the legal description of homicide.
Last year, 1,200 children were physically abused in Philadelphia
.
Current Programs Aren't
As Effective:
Foster Care:
- 303,000 children entered the national foster care system
in 2002.
- As of September 30, 2002 , 126,000 children were waiting
to be adopted nationally.
- In 2002 only 53,000 children were adopted from the
public foster care system.
- In Pennsylvania , 4,240 children were in the system
in 2002.
Violence:
- “Those who had been abused or neglected as children
were more likely to be arrested as juveniles (26 percent
versus 17 percent), as adults (29 percent versus 21 percent),
and for a violent crime (11 percent versus 8 percent).”
- Juvenile record. Previously abused or neglected persons
were at higher risk of beginning a life of crime, at a
younger age, with more significant and repeated criminal
involvement. Among those arrested as juveniles, abused
or neglected persons were no more likely to continue a
life of crime than other children.
- Juvenile crime alone costs $4.5 billion—in the state
of Pennsylvania alone.
- A year of incarceration in a Philadelphia city prison
costs taxpayers $27,000/person.
- Juvenile inmates cost $49,000/person in Camden County
.
- An average inmate stay in a PA state prison is four
years—at a cost of $112,000. Costs for Pennsylvania prison
is about $1.4 billion.
Learning Disabilities:
- Children who are abused are at risk for brain damage
and learning disabilities. “Children with histories of
severe physical or sexual abuse have… been found to have
signs of subtle structural brain abnormalities on EEGs…
abused children show evidence of tiny seizures… These
changes can… lead to ongoing problems with learning and
remembering new information.”
- Learning disability costs nationwide were estimated
at $23-36 billion in 2000.
- 12% of the Philadelphia education budget goes to special
education.
- Special education enrollment skyrocketed 66% between
1994 and 2005 in Philadelphia .
- It costs $50,000 a year to educate one special education
student. In the Upper Moreland school district, $11,000
will be spent a month due to transportation costs for
one student to go to a Delaware County School .
- The Upper Moreland school district will spend upwards
of $11,000/month to send one student to a Delaware County
school.
Drugs:
- There are clear ties between abuse and high risk behaviors.
“Many of these children find that they can artificially
induce a more relaxed state by self-medicating with substances
such as cigarettes, alcohol and drugs. They may also seek
escape chronic feelings of anxiety and depression through
overeating or compulsive sexual behavior.”
- Cigarette smoking risk is doubled in maltreated children.
- Maltreated children are three times more likely to use
alcohol underage and 2-3 times more likely to develop
alcohol abuse problems.
- Abused children are twice as likely to use illicit drugs.
- Abused children are three times more likely to be promiscuous
when teenagers.
- Addiction costs the U.S. $400 billion a year
Health Problems:
- Adults who were abused as children are found to have
depression, panic problems, urinary disorders, heart problems,
chronic pain, liver disease, skeletal fractures, and many
other problems.
- Depression alone costs the U.S. $42 billion/year
- Sexually abused girls are three times more likely to
attempt suicide than non-abused peers. Boys are ten times
more likely to attempt suicide.
- Physically abused children are five times more likely
to commit suicide.
- An alarming number of these suicides are committed by
pre-teens
- Adults abused as children have much higher health care
costs. Women who reported abuse have costs $97 greater
than peers, sexually abused men and women's costs are
$245 more, and if the victim reports experience several
types of abuse the figure is $439 more .
Prevention Efforts Work:
- The state of Michigan estimated that protection services
would cost approximately $43 million a year—compared to
the $823 million spent on maltreatment and inadequate
prenatal care costs.
- Child abuse prevention programs yield a 19 to 1 cost
advantage for tax payers nationally.
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